In NANOCAST project, high-performance, ultralight, nanoparticulate-reinforced aluminum- and magnesium-matrix composites will be developed using low-cost metal casting processes which can be productionized in the Kazakhstani foundries, enhancing their competitiveness. The composites will be produced using low cost nanoparticles obtained from fly ash, the abundant solid inorganic by-product of coal-fired power production.